State of the art investigations of organic and inorganic carbon in meteorites can provide powerful constraints for cosmochemical models of carbon in the Earth. There is a close parallel between the way we investigate minerals from the mantle, such as diamond, with meteorites, including rarity, small sample size and textural analysis. Their commonality and differences promote new ways to examine fundamental processes including melting, crystallization, shock modification/ metamorphism, transport and petrogenesis with respect to deep carbon.