Terrestrial ecosystems will respond to future changes in temperature, precipitation, air humidity, water level and atmospheric CO2 concentration. Numerous field experiments with manipulation of single or multiple factors were performed in various ecosystems during past decades. Results of these experiments often differ given the diversity of ecosystem types and site characteristics and the variations in the intensity, duration and combination of manipulations. Despite the limitations of such experiments, the findings improved our understanding of the climatic control of ecosystem processes. We encourage novel contributions from manipulative field and laboratory experiments or long-term field observations encompassing biogeochemical processes, plant and microbial aspects.