Invited Speakers: Matthieu Kretzschmar, Nick Dunstone, Daniel Mitchell

The focus of this session is the effect of solar UV and energetic particle changes on the middle atmosphere and its transfer to the Earth's surface and the ocean through chemical and dynamical processes. To understand the mechanism for solar influence on climate the role of the stratosphere as well as the role of the ocean have to be further investigated. We invite contributions from observational and modeling studies that investigate the solar forcing as well as the effect of solar influences on the middle atmosphere (on different timescales, i.e. 27-day, 11-year, and centuries) and the dynamical impact of the stratosphere on the troposphere and the ocean. Studies that are linked to TOSCA (Towards a More Complete Assessment of Solar Variability on Climate), SPARC-SOLARIS/HEPPA, and SOLID (First European Comprehensive Solar Irradiance Data Exploitation) are especially encouraged.