The ongoing global warming is of serious concerns for the Eurasian Arid Zone including Caucasus and Central Asia because they are the most sensitive areas to the global climate change, and the Eurasian Arid Zone is situated in the conjunctional and convergent zone where the Pacific-influenced climates interact with the Atlantic-influenced climate and where the high-latitude climates interact with the low-latitude climates. Yet, our understanding of the climatic changes and the associated water resources in this zone is inadequate, and scientific communication among scientists working in this zone is also lacking. Furthering our understanding of climatic changes in this zone will elevate the scientific status of Earth System Sciences and will also provide scientific supports to water-resource management in this arid zone. The session attempts to bring relevant scientists together to exchange their research results and also to establish a social network for future collaborative research.