Rate and variability of changing climate conditions have effects on forest ecosystems. Most of these effects on health, dynamics, growth, CO2 balance ,and the response of forests are only partially known, including the influences(s) of forest environments on climate.
Climate is also an evolutionary and ecological driver of forest biodiversity and genoma. Thus, how forests in some respects control, modify, or influence climate conditions at various scales is important to an understanding of changes, trends, and effects on climate change.
Therefore, knowledge is essential and necessary to any aspect of forest conservation, biodiversity, CO2 balance, management, and policies.