Synchrotron-based techniques have found a multitude of applications in research problems in geochemistry, mineralogy, petrology, volcanology and rock physics in the past two decades and advanced considerably in the past few years. Recent developments include an increased spatial, temporal and energy resolution, new spectroscopic, mapping and imaging methods, as well as new experimental devices that allow reproducing various geological processes under in-situ conditions. Free-Electron-Laser (FEL) based techniques are currently emerging and are extending our research to previously inaccessible regions with respect to time-resolution and coherence applications. These new experimental techniques generate large amounts of data that necessitate developing innovative data mining techniques. This session invites contributions of latest experimental and data processing developments in the fields of synchrotron and FEL radiations as well as recent results which profited from these novel experimental approaches.