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HS8.1.2
The formation, perseverance and sustainability of groundwater: 4D characterization of trends in and risks of depletion, recharge and contamination.
Convener: Gerrit H. de Rooij | Co-conveners: Hans Peter Broers, Ines Gasmi, Rein Vaikmäe

Groundwater is generally a high-quality source of potable water (for humans and cattle) and irrigation water. In dry regions it is also the most reliable source, of vital importance to the local populations. If groundwater is depleted or polluted, this poses an immediate threat to the communities relying on it.

Around the globe, aquifers face a myriad of threats. In dry regions, fossil groundwater is being mined, causing oases and springs to dry up. Climate change leads to longer and more severe droughts in the Sahel causing wells to run dry, endangering the very existence of the local pastoral communities. In more affluent areas of the world, multi-year groundwater droughts seem to occur more frequently, sometimes requiring measures restricting domestic water use and creating uncertainty about the long term. Artificial recharge is being tried in some areas, creating a risk if the recharge water is not as pure as the groundwater it replenishes. Increased agricultural water use and expanding areas covered by closed surfaces (roofs, pavement) in developed nations decrease aquifer recharge in densely populated areas. Agrochemicals and industrial activity cause pollution of formerly prime quality groundwater, the consequences of which may be felt by many generations. Often, the effects of changing patterns of rainfall and evapotranspiration on the aquifers that provide valuable services to ecosystems and communities are as yet only partially understood.

We seek contributions that address individual cases of groundwater deterioration, and measures to remedy the problems. We also welcome studies that look at trends (possibly looking back to prehistoric times) and developments. We are interested in issues regarding groundwater quantity as well as quality.