EGU2020-6838, updated on 08 Apr 2024
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-6838
EGU General Assembly 2020
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Enhanced extended-range predictability of the 2018 late-winter Eurasian cold spell due to the stratosphere

Lisa-Ann Kautz1, Inna Polichtchouk2, Thomas Birner3, Hella Garny4, and Joaquim Pinto1
Lisa-Ann Kautz et al.
  • 1Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Department Troposphere Research, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany (lisa-ann.kautz@kit.edu)
  • 2European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Reading, UK
  • 3Meteorological Institute, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
  • 4Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, Institut für Physik der Atmosphäre, Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany

A severe cold spell with surface temperatures reaching 10 K below climatology hit Eurasia during late February/early March 2018. This cold spell was associated with a Scandinavian blocking pattern followed by an extreme negative North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) phase. Here we explore the predictability of this cold spell/NAO event using ensemble forecasts from the Subseasonal-to-Seasonal (S2S) archive. We find that this event was predicted with the observed strength roughly 10 days in advance. However, the probability of occurrence of the cold spell was doubled up to 25 days in advance, when a sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) occurred. Our results indicate that the amplitude of the cold spell was increased by the regime shift to the negative NAO phase at the end of February, which was likely favored by the SSW. We quantify the contribution of the SSW to the enhanced extended-range forecast skill for this particular event by running forecast ensembles in which the evolution of the stratosphere is nudged to a) the observed evolution, and b) a time invariant state. In the experiment with the observed stratospheric evolution nudged, the probability of occurrence of a strong cold spell is enhanced to 45%, while it is at its climatological value of 5% when the stratosphere is nudged to a time invariant state. These results showing enhanced predictability of surface extremes following SSWs extend previous observational evidence, which is mostly based on composite analyses, to a single event. Our results support that it is the subsequent evolution throughout the lower stratosphere following the SSW, rather than the occurrence of the SSW itself, that is crucial in coupling to large-scale tropospheric flow patterns. However, we caution that probabilistic gain in predictability alone is insufficient to conclude about a causal link between the SSW and the cold spell event.

 

How to cite: Kautz, L.-A., Polichtchouk, I., Birner, T., Garny, H., and Pinto, J.: Enhanced extended-range predictability of the 2018 late-winter Eurasian cold spell due to the stratosphere, EGU General Assembly 2020, Online, 4–8 May 2020, EGU2020-6838, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-6838, 2020.

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