The Andes is the longest cordillera in the world and extends from northern South America (11°N) to the southern tip of the continent (∼53°S). The Andes runs through seven countries and provide resources for about 90 million inhabitants. The Andes is characterized by a rich variety of mountain climates and ecosystems, producing unique contrasting climate conditions over its eastern and western sides, but also across its latitudinal extent. Currently, the Andes hydroclimate faces several threats to sustainable development, such as water supply and the sustainability of ecosystem services, including global climate change, Andes and Amazon deforestation and local land use change, glaciers retreat, human encroachment, among others). In turn, diverse hydroclimatic high-impact extreme events affect the Andean communities owing to the prevailing weather and climate patterns, steep terrain, deforestation and human occupancy. This session aims to assess and discuss recent progress in the Andes hydroclimate and identify pressing research challenges and the development of associated human capabilities. We welcome submissions based on observational and modelling approaches, from the local to the continental scales and from diurnal to interdecadal time scales. Emerging new topics are particularly welcome, including water and energy budgets, high impact events, precipitation hotspots, climate change and deforestation impacts, climate-vegetation interactions, cryosphere studies, water resources availability, connections with the Amazon and the La Plata River basins and neighboring oceans, among others.