EGU21-15072
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu21-15072
EGU General Assembly 2021
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Flood forecasting in small catchments using deep learning LSTM networks

Tanja Morgenstern, Sofie Pahner, Robert Mietrach, and Niels Schütze
Tanja Morgenstern et al.
  • Institute of Hydrology and Meteorology, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany

Long short-term memory (LSTM) networks are able to learn and replicate the relationships of multiple climate and hydrological temporal variables, and therefore are theoretically suitable for data driven modelling and forecasting of rainfall-runoff behavior. However, they inherit some prediction errors occasionally found in data-driven models: phase shift errors, oscillations and total failures. The phase shift error is a particularly significant challenge due to its occurrence when using hourly precipitation and runoff data for catchments with short response times.

In order to detect and eliminate these errors, we investigated four approaches, of which the first two are of structural nature, while the last two modify the input time series by certain transformations:
1. The use of encoder-decoder architectures for LSTM networks.
2. Offsetting the start of the flood forecast to the forecast time step of interest.
3. The inversion of the input time series.
4. Including subsequently observed precipitation data as a “best precipitation forecast”.

We tested the four approaches on five different pilot catchments located in Saxony, Germany with relatively short response times. The results show no advantage of the structural approaches. In contrast, the modification of the input time series shows potential for improving the predictive quality of flood forecasting in a potential operational application.

How to cite: Morgenstern, T., Pahner, S., Mietrach, R., and Schütze, N.: Flood forecasting in small catchments using deep learning LSTM networks, EGU General Assembly 2021, online, 19–30 Apr 2021, EGU21-15072, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu21-15072, 2021.

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