EGU21-15133
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu21-15133
EGU General Assembly 2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

A biostratigraphic record of Anthropocene ecological change in one of the world's most invaded aquatic ecosystems, San Francisco, CA.

Stephen Himson1, Mark Williams1, Mary McGann2, Neil Rose3, Ian Wilkinson4, Jan Zalasiewicz1, and Colin Waters1
Stephen Himson et al.
  • 1Centre for Palaeobiology Research, School of Geography, Geology and the Environment, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
  • 2United States Geological Survey, Pacific Coastal and Marine Research Center, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • 3Environmental Change Research Centre, Department of Geography, University College London, London, UK
  • 4British Geological Survey, Nottingham, UK

Modification of ecosystems through the introduction of non-native species (neobiota) is one part of the major human impact on the biosphere. Neobiota are now present worldwide and often significantly outnumber native fauna and flora. In many places they have left a distinctive biostratigraphic record of anthropogenic changes to the biosphere in the 20th century. Few ecosystems have been as severely affected by the arrival of neobiota as San Francisco Bay. Some 234 introduced species comprising up to 97% of individuals and in some places up to 99% of the biomass are known to be present in the bay (Cohen and Carlton, 1998). Among the multitude of neobiotic species established are Trochammina hadai, a benthic foraminifer that is native to Japan and was introduced in 1983 (McGann 2008), and Potamocorbula amurensis, a bivalved mollusc native to the Amur River region of East Asia that was introduced in 1986 (Carlton et al. 1990). Here we present sediment core data showing the arrival and proliferation of T. hadai and P. amurensis in addition to three introduced ostracod species, Spinileberis quadriaculeata, Eusarsiella zostericola and Bicornucythere bisanensis. The introduction of T. hadai is thought to have occurred through ballast water exchange from trans-Pacific shipping, and has produced a major perturbation to the foraminiferal record of San Francisco Bay. Pb-210 radiometric dating has established a high-resolution chronology for the core and analysis of fly ash particles (Rose 2015) emitted from coal-fired power stations allow time horizons, and the chronologies they define, to be correlated to a further 18 cores collected across the bay. This quantifies both the temporal and spatial extent of a human-induced biostratigraphic assemblage of neobiota, one that is correlatable with a biostratigraphic record of changes to ecosystems across the world in the late 20th century.

 

Carlton, J.T., Thompson, J.K., Schemel, L.E. and Nichols, F.H. 1990. Remarkable invasion of San Francisco Bay (California, USA), by the Asian clam Potamocorbula amurensis. I. Introduction and dispersal. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 81-94.

Cohen, A.N. & Carlton, J.T. 1998. Accelerating invasion rate in a highly invaded estuary. Science 279, 555-558.

McGann, M. 2008. High-resolution foraminiferal, isotopic, and trace element record from Holocene estuarine deposits of San Francisco Bay, California. Journal of Coastal Research 24, 1092-1109.

Rose, N.L. 2015. Spheroidal carbonaceous fly ash particles provide a globally synchronous stratigraphic marker for the Anthropocene. Environmental Science & Technology 49, 4155-4162.

How to cite: Himson, S., Williams, M., McGann, M., Rose, N., Wilkinson, I., Zalasiewicz, J., and Waters, C.: A biostratigraphic record of Anthropocene ecological change in one of the world's most invaded aquatic ecosystems, San Francisco, CA., EGU General Assembly 2021, online, 19–30 Apr 2021, EGU21-15133, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu21-15133, 2021.