EGU22-6295, updated on 09 Jun 2023
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu22-6295
EGU General Assembly 2022
© Author(s) 2023. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Temporal and spatial variability of water vapor isotopic composition in the lower troposphere: insights from ultralight aircraft measurements

Daniele Zannoni1, Hans Christian Steen-Larsen1, Harald Sodemann1, Amandine Durand2, Anne Monod2, Aurélien Clémençon3, Jean-Baptiste Dherbecourt4, Jean-Michel Melkonian4, Jonas Hamperl4, Julien Totems5, Nicolas Geyskens3, Pascal Geneau6, Patrick Chazette5, Philippe Nicolas4, Sylvain Ravier2, Cyrille Flamant6, and Myriam Raybaut4
Daniele Zannoni et al.
  • 1Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research, Bergen, Norway
  • 2Laboratoire de Chimie de l'Environnement, UMR7376, Université Aix-Marseille, France
  • 3Division Technique UAR 855, INSU CNRS, Meudon France
  • 4DPHY, ONERA, Université Paris Saclay, F-91123 Palaiseau, France
  • 5LSCE, Gif sur Yvette Cedex, France
  • 6LATMOS, Sorbonne Université, UVSQ, CNRS, Paris, France

The lower troposphere is where the surface evapotranspiration flux has a strong impact on the atmospheric water vapor isotopic composition, enabling the investigation of the hydro-ecological features of a specific study area. Even though several studies investigated in the last decade the spatial and temporal variability of tropospheric water vapor isotopic composition with ships, aircrafts, satellites and at fixed locations at ground level, vertical profiles and spatial observations acquired within the same time window in the lower troposphere (<3000 m) are still rare. As part of the ground validation of the EU H2020 LEMON project, we used an UltraLight Aircraft (ULA) equipped with a flight-enabled CRDS water vapor isotopes analyzer to probe the vertical and spatial structure of the lower troposphere in Ardèche, Southern France, between 17 and 23 September 2021. In total, 16 flights with different flight strategies were performed for a total flight time of ~20 hours. The flight patterns were mainly designed to obtain representative vertical profiles of the water vapor column below 3000 m for comparison with ground-based LIDAR and to obtain precise estimates of the humidity and water vapor isotopic composition at specific altitude levels, spanning an area of approximately 10 km x 10 km. Due to the flexibility of the ULA, it was also possible to fly several times throughout the day, allowing to study the daytime temporal evolution of the water vapor column within the boundary layer. In general, vertical profile measurements showed evidence of strong mixing process throughout the lower atmospheric column, with both input from free tropospheric layer and surface evapotranspiration. Water vapor stratification, characterized by a large vertical gradient of the isotopic composition, was observed during early morning flights with increased steepness of the vertical isotopic profile along the day. In some cases, flights focused on horizontal and spatial gridding of water vapor isotopic composition showed variation of more than 10‰ for dD in ~5 km2 and in less than 0.12 hours. We hypothesize this large horizontal variability to be related to development of thermals within the boundary layer. Our next step will be to summarize the spatial and temporal variability of water vapor isotopic composition for allowing a fair comparison between high-resolution isotope-enabled general circulation models, remote sensing and water vapor observations in the boundary layer.

How to cite: Zannoni, D., Steen-Larsen, H. C., Sodemann, H., Durand, A., Monod, A., Clémençon, A., Dherbecourt, J.-B., Melkonian, J.-M., Hamperl, J., Totems, J., Geyskens, N., Geneau, P., Chazette, P., Nicolas, P., Ravier, S., Flamant, C., and Raybaut, M.: Temporal and spatial variability of water vapor isotopic composition in the lower troposphere: insights from ultralight aircraft measurements, EGU General Assembly 2022, Vienna, Austria, 23–27 May 2022, EGU22-6295, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu22-6295, 2022.