This general session of the Energy, Resources and the Environment (ERE) division provides an overview of its multi- and interdisciplinarity, which is essential to tackle challenges of the future. Beside others, this is to provide adequate and reliable supplies of affordable energy and other (geo-)resources, obtained in environmentally sustainable ways, which is the basis for economic prosperity, environmental quality and political stability. This session also features contributions of general interest within the ERE community, which are not covered by other ERE sessions. Aim of this session is to provide an overview of topics within the ERE domain, in particular for colleagues affiliated mainly with other divisions, who are interested in topics within ERE.

The purpose of this session is to present recent advances in the analysis of environmental contamination using Applied Geophysics, Remote Sensing and Artificial Intelligence approaches.
Characterizing and understanding the surface and subsurface is a challenge for many scientific areas.
The risk assessment of a contaminated site, using traditional procedures, implies soil and water sampling to proceed to chemical analysis to quantify potentially toxic metals. This is very expensive and time-consuming task.
Remote sensing methods can be applied as preceding steps of the traditional approaches to define places to create classification maps, to know where the most contaminated sites are.
Applied Geophysics investigates underground using a variety of non-invasive and non-destructive techniques such as ground-penetrating radar, magnetics, electrical resistivity tomography, electromagnetic induction, and seismics. Remote Sensing uses methods such as photogrammetry, LIDAR, GNSS, and satellite hyperspectral data to determine physical properties at a distance. Some Remote Sensing technologies can also give information from the subsurface or the interior of structures. Artificial Intelligence can be a useful tool to manage information using as inputs data provided by different methods that can help in the calculation of contamination maps.
Knowledge in these fields can be applied to a variety of research topics, combining all-together results of several fields like the mentioned above, using Artificial Intelligence. This can enable the development of integrated tools for optimized environmental management, enabling the automated identification of risk areas and promoting the reduction of sampling and operational costs, as well as reducing assessment times in the management of contaminated areas.
This approach has great potential to be replicated in other environmental contamination problems, such as those produced by industrial waste, landfills, as well as intensive agriculture.
This session will collect the contributions from Applied Geophysics, Remote Sensing and Artificial Intelligence in the following topics:
- Environmental studies: characterization of the soil and water contamination by potentially toxic metals in mining places, industrial waste, landfills and intensive agriculture.
- Innovations in data acquisition, processing approaches, and big data management of Geophysical, Remote Sensing and AI methods.

A wide range of geo-electromagnetic methods, including natural source magnetotelluric, time-domain, and frequency-domain controlled source EM, as well as DC resistivity and induced polarization are uniquely sensitive to the earth’s electrical properties and are capable of probing from shallow depths near the surface to even hundreds of kilometers into the Earth's crust. They are invaluable for revealing subsurface structures, fluid distributions, mineral resources, tectonic features, and even engineered infrastructure. Traditionally essential in resource exploration, geo-electromagnetic methods are now becoming increasingly relevant in addressing new global challenges related to energy systems, the impacts of climate change, environmental problems, and urban development and resilience.

This session serves as an annual platform for showcasing the latest advancements in geo-electromagnetic research. We encourage contributions from a broad range of topics, including methodological breakthroughs, novel field observations, theoretical advancements, and case studies. This year, we particularly welcome submissions that highlight innovative uses of geo-electromagnetic methods in emerging areas—whether through state-of-the-art instrumentation, unconventional applications, or studies with significant societal or environmental relevance.

Energy system modelling and integrated assessment approaches are essential tools for understanding and optimising the complex interactions within modern energy systems. By simulating these interactions, stakeholders can make informed decisions that improve energy security, support economic viability, social prosperity, and minimise environmental impact.

This session will explore the role of energy system modelling and integrated assessment in advancing sustainable energy transitions, with a particular focus on the impacts of system retrofitting and integrating renewable sources such as solar, hydrogen, wind, hydroelectric power, and geothermal energy.

We will examine renewable energy, small-scale RETs, and hydrogen's growing importance in achieving net-zero emissions, exploring its potential in energy storage, transportation, and industrial applications, and advanced grid management systems. In addition, the session will address the social and environmental effects, trade-offs, and co-benefits of renewable energy systems, particularly their impact on communities, job creation, land use and related ecological consequences.

Thereby, looking at strategies for sustainable planning and management that enhance the environmental and social co-benefits of the renewable energy transition, such as improving community resilience and job creation, as well as ecosystem service enhancement and the mitigation of land use conflicts.

This session aims to bring together researchers from diverse fields to discuss how these models and tools can improve decision-making, enable informed policy development, promote interdisciplinary collaboration, and advance broader sustainability goals.

Climate scientists and energy leaders often operate on different decision timelines, priorities, and success metrics. Yet every energy decision is essentially a climate decision, and the two fields are deeply interdependent. As policy conditions shift, global energy demand continues to grow, and climate risks intensify, closer collaboration between these communities is increasingly important. Ensuring reliable and equitable access to energy while strengthening climate resilience and reducing climate risks requires approaches that recognize the interconnected challenges of energy, climate, and society.
This session aims to bridge these two communities by fostering mutual understanding, identifying shared challenges and opportunities, and creating pathways for deeper collaboration across science, industry, and policy. To advance this goal, we will bring together leading voices from academia, industry, and policy across Europe and the United States to discuss core challenges, identify mutually beneficial solutions, and define priorities for closer cooperation between the climate and energy communities. We aim to convene senior leaders from these communities for keynote presentations, followed by an open discussion engaging the broader EGU community. By connecting diverse perspectives and experiences, the session aims to foster constructive dialogue, spark new collaborations, and identify opportunities to advance a more resilient and sustainable future.

The European Green Deal sets an ambitious vision for a climate-neutral Europe by 2050, requiring a fundamental transformation of energy systems and the phasing out of fossil fuels. As part of this transition, coal-dependent regions face profound industrial, economic, and social challenges. This session focuses on the scientific, technological, and socio-economic research needed to support the just transition of coal and lignite regions, ensuring environmental restoration, economic revitalization, and social equity.

Relevant topics include but are not limited to:
• Adaptive reuse of coal mines and related infrastructure (e.g., power plants, shafts, rail networks) for energy storage, district heating, or industrial parks.
• Environmental restoration of post-mining landscapes, including water table protection, mine drainage treatment, and biodiversity recovery.
• Ground stability monitoring and subsidence risk management in former mining areas.
• Mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions, particularly methane, from abandoned and closing coal mines.
• Innovative development of advanced materials from mining waste and tailings, emphasizing their applications in construction, energy storage, and environmental remediation.
• Valorization of mining waste, fly ash, and desulphurization residues for non-energetic uses and raw material recovery, with minimized environmental and health impacts.
• Development and testing of carbon dioxide capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies in former coal regions.
• Exploration and implementation of geothermal energy systems on repurposed coal mine sites.
• Health-focused research on mining-related diseases and protective measures during mine closure and post-operational phases.
• Strategies for reskilling and upskilling coal workers, including research on effective training programs and labor market integration into emerging green sectors.

Mining is essential for providing the raw materials needed for infrastructure, industrial development, renewable energy technologies, and the global shift to a low carbon economy. However, the environmental impacts of mining often remain long after mines are closed, making post mining pollution one of the biggest sustainable development challenges worldwide. Abandoned and inactive mines can still release harmful pollutants through acid mine drainage, tailings leaks, waste rock weathering, and the spread of contaminated dust, causing long term damage to land and aquatic ecosystems. Addressing these persistent environmental issues requires integrated scientific, technological, economic, and policy driven solutions.
One of the main focuses of this session is the various global challenges caused by post-mining Issues. Mine safety is still a key issue, since unstable tailings, abandoned underground mines, waste piles, ground subsidence, slope failures, and other geological hazards can all pose threats to workers and nearby communities. Environmental challenges include acid mine drainage, heavy metal pollution, persistent organic pollutants, airborne particulate matter, contamination of groundwater and surface water, soil degradation, and the movement of pollutants through different parts of the environment. We strongly encourage research on pollution sources, migration mechanisms, environmental fate, monitoring technologies, and risk assessments.
Besides the challenges, this session also highlights opportunities to develop innovative technologies and sustainable management strategies to turn post mining land into highly productive and resilient environments.
This session is aimed at giving researchers, engineers, environmental scientists, public health experts, economists, policymakers, and industry folks a cross-disciplinary platform to share knowledge and showcase innovative research on post-mining challenges and opportunities. We welcome contributions from all areas of mining, including coal, metal, rare earth elements, industrial minerals, and abandoned mine sites.

High-temperature industrial and applied processes rely on materials and systems that can withstand extreme thermal, mechanical, and chemical conditions. As such, refractory materials are central to a wide range of high-temperature industrial and applied processes, including metallurgy, glass production, ceramics, cement, waste-to-energy systems and related thermal technologies. Their performance is governed by complex interactions between raw-materials, phase evolution, microstructure, thermal and mechanical loading, and chemical attack by slags, melts, dusts, and reactive gases. Understanding these processes is essential for improving material durability, process efficiency, and sustainability in extreme environments.
This session welcomes contributions on refractory materials and high-temperature mineralogical processes across industrial and applied systems. Topics may include raw materials, metallurgy, synthesis and processing, phase stability, melt-solid-gas interactions, corrosion and degradation mechanisms, thermal shock and creep behaviour, and lifetime prediction. In addition, we encourage studies that link refractory behaviour to metallurgical practice and plant performance, alongside characterization, modelling, work on circular approaches, such as recycling, the use of secondary raw materials, and strategies to reduce the environmental footprint of high-temperature industries.
Our session aims to connect fundamental research, advanced characterization, modelling, and industrial case studies. Contributions from universities, research facilities, and industry are equally welcome, with the goal of fostering exchange across the full chain from materials design and processing to service performance and end-of-life management.

The global energy transition is driving unprecedented demand for critical and strategic raw materials such as copper, lithium, nickel, cobalt, graphite and rare earth elements. In Europe, the Critical Raw Materials Act (CRMA) sets ambitious targets for domestic extraction and processing, and requires Member States to establish national exploration programmes, including geoscientific surveys, mineral mapping and geochemical campaigns. These programmes are generating a new wave of regional and national-scale geophysical datasets and renewing interest in the reinterpretation of legacy data. With most near-surface deposits in well-explored terranes already discovered, future discoveries will increasingly depend on our ability to image deeper, covered and geologically complex targets.
This session invites contributions on all aspects of geophysics applied to mineral exploration, from national to deposit scale. We welcome studies using potential field (gravity, magnetics), electromagnetic, magnetotelluric, induced polarisation, seismic, radiometric and borehole methods, as well as airborne, drone-based and passive-source approaches.
Contributions presenting results, strategies and lessons learned from national exploration programmes, as well as work on low-impact exploration, social acceptance, and secondary resources such as mine waste and tailings, are also welcome. The session aims to bring together academia, geological surveys and industry to discuss how geophysics can support a secure and sustainable supply of raw materials in Europe and worldwide.

Global demand for critical metals is rising sharply, driven by the energy transition, electrification, and geopolitical pressure on supply chains, while historically high gold prices have made lower-grade and more geologically challenging precious-metal resources economically attractive to mine. Deformation plays a central role in this challenge: it can remobilise, concentrate, or trap metals at scales ranging from crystal defects to orogen-scale structures, controlling where these resources ultimately reside. This session explores how structural processes, from dislocation-scale metal siting in ore minerals to dilational sites hosting mineralised veins and intrusions, govern the distribution of precious and critical metals, and what this means for meeting future supply needs. We welcome contributions examining ore-forming processes genetically linked to deformation, resolving micro- to nano-scale controls on metal distribution and mobilisation, or establishing how crustal deformation governs ore distribution and what that implies for designing effective exploration strategies.

The increasing use of the subsurface for energy production, storage, and waste disposal requires a better understanding of how geological systems respond to human activities. Changes in subsurface conditions trigger interactions between thermal, hydraulic, mechanical, chemical, and biological (THMCB) processes, which influence fluid and heat transport, rock properties, and the long-term evolution of engineered subsurface systems. Understanding these interactions is essential for predicting system performance and ensuring safe and sustainable operation.

Although subsurface technologies differ in their objectives and operational conditions, they share many underlying processes and challenges. Research on geothermal energy, underground energy storage, geological CO₂ storage, and radioactive waste disposal can therefore benefit from a common understanding of coupled processes and the exchange of knowledge between research communities.

This session welcomes contributions investigating individual and coupled THMCB processes in porous and fractured geological media. We encourage experimental, observational, and modelling studies that improve our understanding of how these processes interact and affect subsurface behavior. We encourage contributions that explore feedback between processes, bridge spatial and temporal scales, and improve our ability to predict subsurface responses under changing conditions.

The radioactive materials are known as polluting materials that are hazardous for human society, but are also ideal markers in understanding dynamics and physical/chemical/biological reactions chains in the environment. Therefore, man-made radioactive contamination involves regional and global transport and local reactions of radioactive materials through atmosphere, soil and water system, ocean, and organic ecosystem, and its relations with human and non-human biota. The topic also involves hazard prediction, risk assessment, nowcast, and countermeasures, which is now urgent important for the nuclear power plants in Ukraine, the Middle East, etc.

By combining long monitoring data (> halftime of Cesium 137 after the Chornobyl Accident in 1986, 16 years after the Fukushima Accident in 2011, and other events), we can improve our knowledgebase on the environmental behavior of radioactive materials and its environmental/biological impact. This should lead to improved monitoring systems in the future including emergency response systems, acute sampling/measurement methodology, and remediation schemes for any future nuclear accidents. Furthermore, the discharge of ALPS-treated water into the ocean, carried out as part of the decommissioning of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Station, has attracted international attention and demonstrated that decommissioning a nuclear power plant that has suffered an accident requires a fundamentally different approach from that of a conventional decommissioning. Studies on past nuclear contamination events and other environmental radioactivity datasets are also welcome.

The following specific topics have traditionally been discussed:
(a) Atmospheric Science (emissions, transport, deposition, pollution);
(b) Hydrology (transport in surface and ground water system, soil-water interactions);
(c) Oceanology (transport, bio-system interaction);
(d) Soil System (transport, chemical interaction, transfer to organic system);
(e) Forestry;
(f) Natural Hazards (warning systems, health risk assessments, geophysical variability);
(g) Measurement Techniques (instrumentation, multipoint data measurements);
(h) Ecosystems (migration/decay of radionuclides).

Subsurface energy and environmental systems like geothermal energy systems, geological carbon storage, underground hydrogen storage, groundwater flow systems, etc., play a vital role for mitigating climate change and achieving net-zero. At the same time, their complex, heterogeneous, multiscale, and uncertain nature presents major challenges for modelling, prediction, monitoring, and decision-making, particularly in multiphysics and multiscale model coupling, data integration, and real-time monitoring and control.
Artificial intelligence (AI) and scientific machine learning (SciML) are creating new opportunities to address these challenges. This session aims to bring together researchers from geoscience, hydrology, subsurface energy, computational science, and AI to discuss recent advances at the interface between these fields. We invite contributions on the development and application of AI and SciML methods for subsurface energy and environmental systems. Topics include, but are not limited to, physics-informed machine learning, neural operators, reduced-order modelling, surrogate and generative modelling, multimodal data fusion, digital twins, explainable and trustworthy AI, large language models, and agentic AI.
The session will provide a platform for interdisciplinary exchange on emerging methods, practical applications, current limitations, and future research directions.

Earth Observation (EO) offers a powerful means of monitoring changes in climate, ecosystems, and human environments at both global and local scales. These observations generate a wide array of climate and environmental variables, and they are delivered as Analysis-Ready Data (ARD). While ARD is globally accessible and scientifically robust, it might lack the specificity and contextual relevance required to effectively address local challenges. To bridge this gap, ARD must be transformed into Action-Ready Information (ARI): tailored data products and insights that support local decision-making and reflect community priorities. This transformation depends on co-creation, a collaborative process involving local communities, scientists, engineers, policymakers, and private sector stakeholders. For example, by integrating satellite EO with locally collected data from ground, water, and airborne platforms, we can enhance data granularity, validate satellite outputs, and generate customized, equitable, and actionable solutions. This session will explore how data can be harnessed to support environmental monitoring, local climate mitigation and adaptation, and sustainable development. It will emphasize the importance of identifying gaps between global datasets and local needs, and present strategies to close these gaps through innovation (e.g. new technologies and open FAIR science), inclusive engagement, and capacity building. Economic and policy dimensions will also be addressed, including the sustainability of community-led initiatives, the role of citizen science, funding mechanisms, and scalable technologies that enhance data utility for local solutions. The practical implementation challenges confronting policymakers when seeking to engage with EO data, particularly in the context of constrained policy capacities, will also be discussed. We invite participants from across/around the EO ecosystem: researchers in both physical and social sciences, community leaders, and stakeholders from policy and business sectors. We do not limit us only to satellite EO. We do consider non-EO observations and data, and their applications. We will share case studies, identify synergies between global and local efforts, and co-create knowledge that informs both local action and global strategies. By synthesizing diverse experiences, this session aims to advance EO as a tool for addressing the interconnected climate and environmental challenges we face locally and globally.

The dynamics of magmatic systems are driven by complex processes that span from deep mantle melt generation to volcanic eruptions at the surface. These processes include: melt generation in the upper mantle and lower crust, magma transport, differentiation and emplacement in the crust, complex melt-rock interactions, genesis of energy and mineral resources, and volcanic extrusions with related hazards. Such fluid-mechanical and thermo-chemical processes operate across sub-millimetre to kilometre scales and timescales ranging from seconds to millions of years , and involve multiple phases, such as liquid melt, solid crystals, volatile and metal-bearing fluids, and pyroclasts. Understanding these processes requires a multidisciplinary approach, combining observations, experiments, and computational methods including forward and inverse modelling and machine learning.

Despite the crucial role of computational methods in integrating and interpreting data from various sources, there has been limited development of a dedicated community across volcanic, petrology, and magmatic studies. For the fourth consecutive year, this session aims to address this gap by focusing on computational approaches to understanding volcanic and magmatic systems. We seek to bring together researchers working on forward and inverse modelling, machine learning, and other computational methods to foster a thriving and collaborative community that complements well-established observational and experimental lines of work.

We encourage contributions that explore the theory, development, application, and validation of computational approaches for integrating and interpreting experimental and observational data to improve our understanding of volcanic and magmatic processes. Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:

- Multiphase flow dynamics
- Thermodynamics and phase equilibria
- Magma transport and storage
- Chemical and rheological melt-rock interactions
- Crystallization, immiscibility, and degassing processes
- Energy and mineral resource genesis
- Magma-hydrothermal interactions
- Eruption dynamics and hazards

This session aims to provide a platform for in-depth technical discussions that are challenging to facilitate in broader multidisciplinary sessions, ultimately fostering a stronger computational community within volcanic and magmatic studies.

Science informed policy making has been successful in the past on multiple levels: Academic findings in the fields of energy and resources have contributed to the shaping of European frameworks such as the EU renewable-energy targets or the Circular Economy Action Plan. On national levels, scientists have shaped policy with their expertise as can be seen across Europe. Cities and communities base their policies on the direct input of scientists to shape their living spaces.
Over the last 25 years, since the ERE division’s creation, scientific research spanning renewable energy, raw materials and resources and geo-storage have generated knowledge relevant to policy makers. From the European Union to national and institutional policies we see an impactful contribution of scientists. This session features the research and different pathways in which science has contributed to a variety of policy levels. We will explore how scientific research has shaped energy and resource-use policies across scales. A special focus will be put to the communication and transition of scientific findings into policy.