The Earth’s shallow and deep subsurface requires the integration of complementary investigation of geophysical methods capable of resolving structures and processes across different spatial and depth scales. This session will host contributions presenting geophysical approaches for the characterization of the surface and subsurface, with applications focused on geological and geotechnical characterization, ranging from the identification of underground cavities, the study of landslides and groundwater resources, to mineral exploration, saline intrusion phenomena, archaeological sites and tectonic structures. We encourage studies which combine geophysical methods, geological observations, remote sensing, and geochemical or degassing datasets, with particular emphasis on integrated workflows or multi-method interpretation, advanced processing and imaging techniques, and innovative approaches for better understand shallow and deeper geological targets. Contributions addressing methodological developments, field applications, monitoring, and case studies are particularly welcome.