Mid-ocean ridges, transform faults, and fracture zones provide natural laboratories to study the formation and evolution of oceanic lithosphere. Advances in deep-sea exploration, geophysical imaging, analytical techniques, and numerical modelling have improved our understanding of these systems. At the same time, observations from modern oceanic lithosphere provide constraints on the processes recorded in ancient oceanic and ophiolitic sequences.

The relative roles and interactions of magmatism, tectonic deformation, and hydrothermal circulation remain poorly constrained. Recent advances reveal significant complexity of transform faults and fracture zones, with increasing evidence for magmatism and hydrothermal circulation within and beyond the transform domain. Their role in fluid transport, heat transfer, and chemical exchange between the lithosphere and the ocean remains an open question.

This session brings together multidisciplinary studies of oceanic lithosphere along and beyond mid-ocean ridges, including transform faults, fracture zones, and off-axis regions. We welcome geological, geophysical, geochemical, petrological, and modelling studies, particularly those integrating complementary datasets or approaches. Contributions based on high-resolution deep-sea observations, ocean drilling, and geodynamic modelling are encouraged. The session also welcomes studies addressing ancient oceanic lithosphere and Proterozoic or Archean analogues.