This session focuses on the structural deformation, crustal shortening, and tectonic evolution of orogen–basin systems. Adjacent sedimentary basins and mountain belts record the fundamental interplay between tectonic convergence and associated fault activity at lithospheric scale. We aim to bring together studies investigating how active faulting, folding, and lateral displacement individually and interactively shape the geometry, mechanics, and spatio-temporal evolution of orogens and basins. We encourage multi-scale, multi-disciplinary contributions, particularly those leveraging emerging methods and addressing societal or environmental implications. Key topics include: Convergent tectonic settings including kinematics, mechanics, and structural styles of fold-and-thrust systems, and the quantification of crustal shortening across orogen–basin boundaries; active faulting and basin dynamics including magnitudes of displacement, slip rates, and kinematics of major faults, alongside the architecture, subsidence, and structural controls on critical resources (e.g., energy, minerals, groundwater) associated basins; strain partitioning and mantle-to-surface interactions including: the interplay of kinematics and strain accommodation between coeval or sequential contractional and active faulting, palaeostress evolution, and feedbacks with surface processes; novel approaches and methodological advances including the application of advanced technological capabilities — including high-resolution remote sensing/LiDAR, machine learning, advanced thermochronology, 3D/4D seismic imaging, geodetic modeling (InSAR/GPS), and high-resolution numerical or analogue simulations. We welcome contributions across diverse and disciplines as well as spatial and temporal frameworks to test and refine Earth System hypotheses.