Urban areas increasingly face interconnected challenges from heat, flooding, biodiversity loss, and ecosystem degradation, intensified by climate change and rapid urbanization. Green infrastructure and nature-based solutions can address these challenges by regulating urban temperatures, managing stormwater, providing habitats to species, and supporting ecosystem services. However, their effectiveness depends on vegetation characteristics, spatial configuration, environmental conditions, and interactions among ecological, hydrological, and climatic processes.
This session invites contributions that use quantitative frameworks to assess, predict, and optimize the benefits and trade-offs of green adaptation.

Contributions may address:
1. Modelling interactions among urban heat, flooding, biodiversity, and ecosystem processes under different green adaptation scenarios.
2. Computational modelling, machine learning, remote sensing, field observations, and data-driven approaches for hazard prediction and resilience assessment.
3. Effects of vegetation characteristics and spatial configuration on microclimate regulation, runoff reduction, habitat quality, and ecosystem functioning.
4. Synergies, trade-offs, uncertainties, and unintended consequences associated with green adaptation.
5. Planning, optimization, and spatial prioritization of nature-based solutions under climatic, ecological, social, and economic constraints.
6. Comparative studies across cities, climate zones, ecological settings, and adaptation strategies.
7. Social, governance, and equity dimensions, including the distribution of adaptation benefits and residual risks among communities.
By bridging urban climate science, hydrology, ecology, and computational innovation, this session will advance understanding of how nature-based solutions can support multifunctional, equitable, and climate-resilient cities under global change.