Clouds remain a leading source of uncertainty in climate projections. This PICO session brings together research on how clouds are represented in global climate and Earth system models, and on how choices in model formulation, parameterisation, and process representation influence simulated clouds, climate feedbacks, and projection uncertainty.

We welcome contributions on new cloud parameterisations and model developments, evaluations of simulated clouds against observations, and experiments that perturb cloud processes to quantify their climatic impacts, including studies of cloud-based climate intervention. We also welcome studies using large-eddy simulations, kilometre-scale models, and Lagrangian approaches that provide process-level constraints for the development and evaluation of cloud representations in global models.