In this interdisciplinary section, studies explore the interactions between atmospheric processes and living organisms, including humans, animals, and plants. This field examines how urban heat impacts biological systems, from the cellular level to entire ecosystems. Key topics include the effects of temperature, humidity, and other meteorological variables on health, behaviour, and productivity. By integrating knowledge from meteorology, biology, and environmental science, biometeorology provides valuable insights into how climate change and weather patterns influence biodiversity, agriculture, and public health.

Key Topics including:

• Investigating how urbanization affects local ecosystems and biodiversity and the biometeorological implications of these changes.
• How does urban heat stress reduces plant growth, wilting, and even plant death
• How urban heat influences public health.

This session explores the complex interplay between urban heat and human perception and behaviour. As cities continue to grow and temperatures rise, understanding how urban heat islands affect residents’ daily lives becomes crucial. A topic of discussion is the psychological and social impact of increased urban temperatures: for example, how increased temperatures affect mental health, stress levels, and overall well-being; how individuals and communities modify their behaviours to cope with heat, such as altering daily routines, seeking cooler environments, and using cooling technologies. The session will present insights into adaptive behaviours, strategies that individuals and communities employ to cope with urban heat, and policy implications for creating more liveable urban environments.

Key Topics including:

• Perception of Urban Heat:
• How different demographics perceive and experience urban heat. Psychological and Physiological responses to heat stress. The role of cultural and social factors in shaping heat perception.
• Behavioural Responses:
• Adaptive behaviours and coping mechanisms employed by urban residents.
• Human adaptation mechanisms and strategies for enhancing thermal resilience in public spaces
• Influence of urban design and infrastructure on behaviour during heat events. Case studies on community-led initiatives and public health interventions.

The session focuses explicitly on urban thermal comfort, both indoors and outdoors and their interactions, from both a physical and an adaptation point of view. The session provides a comprehensive understanding of the challenges and solutions related to urban heat and thermal comfort and shares the latest research findings and practical applications in the field.

Key Topics including:

• Factors and mechanisms influencing outdoor thermal comfort, such as microclimate conditions, urban design, and material choices.
• The impact of building design and materials on indoor thermal environments.
• Innovative solutions for improving indoor thermal comfort, including passive cooling techniques and smart building technologies.
• The role of ventilation and building heating and cooling systems in maintaining comfortable indoor climates, and their effect on outside thermal comfort.
• Indoor behavioural strategies caused by a change in outdoor thermal perception.

Urbanization alters local climates and hydrological responses, shaping both the intensity of precipitation and the severity of its impacts. As extreme rainfall events become more frequent with climate change, cities face increasing risks of urban flooding due to enhanced runoff and limited drainage capacity. This session examines how urban processes—such as heat islands, aerosols, and morphology—influence precipitation patterns, and how these changes interact with flood dynamics in complex urban environments.

The session covers both atmospheric and hydrological perspectives, including the mechanisms driving urban influences on convective storms and tropical cyclones, and approaches to assess, monitor, and manage flood risks in cities. It highlights advances in remote sensing, hydrological modeling, and the role of green infrastructure in climate adaptation.

Key topics include:
• Urban impacts on precipitation: thermal, morphological, and aerosol effects
• Influence on convective storms and tropical cyclones
• Urban flood risk assessment and mapping
• Monitoring and modeling of urban hydrology
• Green infrastructure for water retention and flood mitigation
• Planning and adaptation strategies for extreme rainfall

Urban areas are dynamic hubs of human activity, but they also face significant challenges related to emissions and pollution. This section explores the carbon emissions and multifaceted nature of urban pollution, focusing on its sources, impacts, and potential solutions.

Key Topics including:

• Advanced monitoring techniques and multiscale modelling are essential for tracking air pollution levels and understanding their dispersion and transformation in the urban environment.
• Urban pollution from various sources, including transportation, industrial activities, residential heating and cooling, and waste management.
• Evaluation of the public health impact of air pollution.
• Mitigation strategies include promoting public transportation, enhancing building energy efficiency, transitioning to renewable energy sources, and implementing green infrastructure.
• Social and financial impact of carbon emission on urban and human activities.