The Mars Science and Exploration session will address results from all ongoing missions to Mars, as well as the future exploration of the Red Planet. In particular: (1) recent scientific investigations concerning the deep interior and subsurface structure; the surface morphology, geology, geochemistry and mineralogy; the atmospheric composition, dynamics and climate; the ionospheric environment and its interaction with the solar wind; Phobos investigations; and also water occurrence, astrobiology and habitability issues. (2) scientific goals and experiments for long-term planned or proposed activities on Mars, including precursor robotic missions, Mars sample return and future human exploration. Particular emphasis will be given to the various missions of the new ESA-NASA Programme of Mars Exploration starting in 2016.