This open session is suitable for contributions on all aspects of ionospheric physics, including experimental, theoretical and modelling results. Particular interest will be devoted to studies of couplings with the thermosphere or with the magnetosphere, concerning transient events, plasma waves and irregularities, as well as large-scale dynamics and long-term variations. In this regard, contributions involving multi-instrument techniques (e.g. ground-based optics and magnetometers, radio wave techniques, satellite and rocket in-situ) are encouraged.