The sequestration of carbon by the biosphere is an important but complex component of global climate variability. From the perspective of climate change mitigation, there may be significant potential to enhance rates of carbon sequestration in terrestrial vegetation and soil through carbon-oriented management strategies. The efficacy of these efforts is uncertain, however, both because our understanding of natural carbon dynamics is incomplete and because ecosystem change has multiple, sometimes offsetting effects on climate (for example, the trade-off between enhanced carbon uptake and reduced albedo that accompanies reforestation). Management plans that include extensive land use modification or artificial fertilization of land carry an added set of concerns including those related to environmental protection or competing uses of scarce resources. These concerns must be weighed against their contribution to climate change mitigation. This session invites contributions including those reporting 1) research into natural carbon dynamics that is relevant to sequestration strategies, 2) research on the potential to enhance carbon sequestration in the terrestrial biosphere through management practices, and 3) research evaluating cost-benefit trade-offs. As the goal of the session is to make a hard look at sequestration options, we encourage research presentations that emphasize both positive and negative elements of proposed sequestration initiatives.