The use of high performance computing (HPC) in Terrestrial Systems research is becoming essential in order to address outstanding scientific questions, as more complex models demand higher computational resources and produce larger volumes of data. Recent developments in next-generation HPC hardware and software offer great opportunities for concurrent developments in terrestrial modelling, such as large-scale hydrological modelling, multi-physics coupled model systems, data assimilation and uncertainty analysis through ensemble simulations, and data processing and analytics. By unifying these cross-sectional computational topics in one session, we hope to improve our understanding of fundamental challenges and opportunities in using next generation HPC hardware and software, in order to provide useful information from large-scale, highly resolved models, over extended time periods. This cross-disciplinary session will discuss the use of the latest developments and future challenges of the fast advancements in HPC technologies in the geosciences. Contributions and scientific applications from all areas of terrestrial research are welcome, including, land-atmosphere water and energy cycles; integrated hydrologic modeling system; climate change impact studies; real-time flood forecasting applications; uncertainty quantification through data assimilation techniques; agricultural and water resource management; novel approaches in terrestrial systems modeling. Contributions discussing methodologies related to use of accelerator architecture, robust and efficient solvers, multiscale discretizations, and design of benchmark problems are also welcome.