Application of Internet of Things monitoring technology to the improvement of agricultural irrigation disaster management

Climate change has gradually affected Taiwan's agricultural environment. The number of raining days has decreased, the rainfall intensity has increased, and the drought time has been prolonged. In addition, with the mountainous terrain of Taiwan, rainfall is not easy to be stored and used. The summer and autumn are rainy seasons, which are prone to flooding disasters, the lack of water in spring and winter causes droughts that cause insufficient agricultural water supply, and the stable supply of food is closely related to people's livelihood needs. Therefore, the research department uses UAV imaging technology to identify agricultural crops, grasp the agricultural crops and water supply needs in the spring and winter seasons, and try to estimate the water demand and distribution water volume as the management basis of agricultural irrigation and drainage. Use long-term meteorological models to estimate rainfall results in the next month, and determine whether there are water shortage characteristics in agricultural crop areas. If there is a water shortage, further use the Internet of Things monitoring technology to monitor the inflow and outflow of agricultural crops in irrigated areas, control and distribute the required water consumption, and then to reduce water supply at night or supplying irrigation water in turn in response to the water shortage during the irrigation period. In the summer and autumn rainfall periods, the Internet of Things technology is also used to observe the water level and flow discharge of the main irrigation waterways, and set the rainfall and water level early warning values to reduce the occurrence of flooding disasters in agricultural areas, and use the immediate hydrological and hydraulic models to forecast the future suggestions such as hourly water level and flow discharge and gate control provide timely information on agricultural disaster warnings. The relevant research area is in the Meinong Agricultural Area (about 4,000 ha) of Farm Irrigation Association of Kaohsiung Taiwan as an example. Through web pages hourly displays Internet of Things information, model analysis results, and disaster prevention early warning results to let the management units understand the actual status of agricultural irrigation areas.