How does dissipation work in the electron diffusion region of asymmetric magnetic reconnection

At some level, magnetic reconnection functions by means of a balance between current dissipation, and current maintenance due to the reconnection electric field. While this dissipation is well understood process in symmetric magnetic reconnection, the way nonideal electric fields interact with the current density in asymmetric reconnection is still unclear. In symmetric reconnection, the current density maximum, the X point location, and the nonideal electric field determined by the divergence of the electron pressure tensor usually coincide. In asymmetric reconnection, however, the electric field at the X point can be partly provided by bulk inertia terms, implying that the X point cannot be the dominant location of dissipation. On the other hand, we know that the nongyrotropic pressure-based electric field must dominate at the stagnation point of the in-plane electron flow, and that electron distributions here feature crescents. The further fact that the current density peak is shifted off the position of the X point indicates that there may be a relation between this current density enhancement, the location of the stagnation point, and the electron nongyrotropies. In this presentation we report on further progress investigating the physics of the electron diffusion region in asymmetric reconnection with a focus on how to explain the dissipation operating under these conditions.