Weaker cooling by aerosols due to dust-pollution interactions

The interactions between aeolian dust and anthropogenic air pollution, notably chemical ageing of mineral dust and coagulation of dust and pollution particles, modify the atmospheric aerosol burden. Since the aerosol particles can act as cloud condensation nuclei, this not only affects the radiative transfer directly via aerosol radiation interactions, but also indirectly through cloud adjustments. We study both radiative effects using the global ECHAM/MESSy atmospheric chemistry-climate model (EMAC) which combines the Modular Earth Submodel System (MESSy) with the European Centre/Hamburg (ECHAM) climate model. Our simulations show that the dust-pollution interactions reduce the cloud water and hence the reflection of solar radiation. The associated climate warming outweighs the cooling which the dust-pollution interactions exert through the direct radiative effect. In total, this results in a net warming by dust-pollution interactions which we estimate to moderate the negative global anthropogenic aerosol forcing at the top of the atmosphere by more than 0.1 W / m².