In the past years, there have been major breakthroughs in the understanding of the evolution of Pyrenean orogenic belt and related basins, incorporating new concepts of rifted margins and hyperextension. This is leading to a new generation of lithospheric-scale models addressing the role of tectonic inheritance and the application of the Wilson cycle. Models are being populated with rich new databases on structural geology, paleothermal analysis, low-temperature geochronology and detrital geochronology, mainly applied to the provenance and sediment routing signature of preorogenic and synorogenic basins, all supported by recent collaborative programs like Orogen and other French, Spanish and international projects. We invite contributions that address these points, from diverse and multidisciplinary perspectives.