EGU21-13281
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu21-13281
EGU General Assembly 2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Effects of aging and transformation of Fe(III)-precipitates on the retention of co-precipitated phosphate

Ville Nenonen1,2, Ralf Kaegi1, Stephan J. Hug1, Stefan Mangold3, Jörg Göttlicher3, Lenny Winkel1,2, and Andreas Voegelin1
Ville Nenonen et al.
  • 1Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Duebendorf, Switzerland (ville.nenonen@eawag.ch)
  • 2Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, ETH, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland
  • 3Institute of Synchrotron Radiation, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Germany

The cycling of phosphorus in terrestrial and aquatic systems is tightly coupled to the redox-cycling of iron (Fe). The oxidation of dissolved Fe(II) in natural waters leads to the precipitation of amorphous to poorly crystalline Fe(III)-solids that can bind phosphate (P) and other nutrients as well as toxic compounds. The EU project P-TRAP is aimed at developing methods to reduce diffuse P inputs into surface waters to mitigate eutrophication, by using Fe-rich byproducts from water treatment (https://h2020-p-trap.eu/). Within this project, we study mechanistic aspects of the formation and transformation of P-containing Fe(III)-precipitates and their implications for P retention in soils and water filters.

Freshly formed Fe(III)-precipitates are metastable and can transform into more stable phases over time. This may lead to the release of co-precipitated P. In laboratory experiments, we assessed how Ca, Mg, silicate (Si) and P impact on the formation and transformation of Fe oxidation products (at 0.5 mM Fe) and their P retention in synthetic bicarbonate-buffered groundwater. The time-resolved experiments were performed in electrolyte solutions containing Na, Ca, or Mg as electrolyte cation, without or with Si (at molar Si/Fe of 1), and P (P/Fe of 0.3 and 0.05). Changes in dissolved element concentrations over time were linked to changes in the structure and composition of the Fe(III)-solids; with Fe coordination probed by X-ray absorption spectroscopy, mineralogy by X-ray diffraction, and nano-scale morphology and composition heterogeneity by transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray detection.

The freshly-formed Fe(III)-precipitates were mixtures of amorphous Fe(III)-phosphate with either poorly-crystalline lepidocrocite (without Si) or Si-containing ferrihydrite (with Si). Increases in dissolved P during aging were largest in Na electrolytes without Ca, Mg or Si, and were linked to the transformation of amorphous Fe(III)-phosphate into lepidocrocite with a lower P retention capacity than Fe(III)-phosphate. In Ca- and to a lesser extent Mg-containing electrolytes, the Ca or Mg stabilized the amorphous Fe(III)-phosphate and thereby reduced P release over time. The presence of Si increased initial P uptake and inhibited P release during aging by causing the formation of Si-ferrihydrite with higher P sorption capacity than lepidocrocite formed in the absence of Si. In conclusion, the extents to which P is trapped by fresh Fe(III)-precipitates and released during aging can be attributed to the individual and coupled impacts of Ca, Mg and Si on Fe(III)-precipitate structure, stability and transformation.

In continuing work, we aim to expand our work to study how organic compounds impact on the formation and colloidal stability of Fe(III)-precipitates and P retention.

How to cite: Nenonen, V., Kaegi, R., Hug, S. J., Mangold, S., Göttlicher, J., Winkel, L., and Voegelin, A.: Effects of aging and transformation of Fe(III)-precipitates on the retention of co-precipitated phosphate, EGU General Assembly 2021, online, 19–30 Apr 2021, EGU21-13281, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu21-13281, 2021.

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