EGU21-7431, updated on 04 Mar 2021
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu21-7431
EGU General Assembly 2021
© Author(s) 2021. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Continent-wide bimonthly mapping of Antarctic surface meltwater using Google Earth Engine

Peter Tuckett1, Jeremy Ely2, Andrew Sole3, Stephen Livingstone4, and James Lea5
Peter Tuckett et al.
  • 1Department of Geography, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
  • 2Department of Geography, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
  • 3Department of Geography, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
  • 4Department of Geography, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
  • 5Department of Geography and Planning, The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Surface meltwater is widespread around the margin of the Antarctic Ice Sheet during the austral summer. This meltwater, typically transported via surface streams and rivers and stored in supraglacial lakes, has the potential to influence ice-sheet mass balance through ice-dynamic and albedo feedbacks. To predict the impact that surface melt will have on mass balance over coming decades, it is important to understand spatial and temporal variability in surface meltwater extent. A variety of methods have been used to detect supraglacial lakes in Antarctica, yet a multi-annual, continent-wide study of Antarctic supraglacial meltwater has yet to be conducted. Cloud-based computational platforms, such as Google Earth Engine (GEE), enable large-scale temporal and spatial analysis of remote sensing datasets at minimal time expense. Here, we implement an automated method for meltwater detection in GEE to generate continent-wide, bimonthly repeat assessments of supraglacial lake extent between 2013 and 2020. We use a band-threshold based approach to delineate surface water from Landsat-8 imagery. Furthermore, our method incorporates a novel technique for quantifying meltwater extent that accounts for variability in optical image coverage and cloud cover, enabling an upper uncertainty bound to be attached to minimum mapped lake areas. We present results from continent-wide mapping, and highlight initial findings that indicate evolution of lakes in Antarctica over the past seven years. This work demonstrates how platforms such as GEE have revolutionized our ability to undertake large-scale projects from remote sensing datasets, allowing for greater temporal and spatial analysis of cryospheric processes than previously possible.

How to cite: Tuckett, P., Ely, J., Sole, A., Livingstone, S., and Lea, J.: Continent-wide bimonthly mapping of Antarctic surface meltwater using Google Earth Engine, EGU General Assembly 2021, online, 19–30 Apr 2021, EGU21-7431, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu21-7431, 2021.

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