EGU22-5753
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu22-5753
EGU General Assembly 2022
© Author(s) 2022. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Improving the accuracy of time-domain surface-wave measurements: evaluation and correction of the finite-frequency phase shift

Yihe Xu1,2, Sergei Lebedev1,2, and Thomas Meier3
Yihe Xu et al.
  • 1Department of Earth Sciences, Bullard Laboratories, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
  • 2Geophysics Section, School of Cosmic Physics, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, Dublin, Ireland
  • 3Institute of Geophysics, Christian-Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany

Surface waves propagating from earthquakes, active sources or within the ambient noise wavefield are widely used to image Earth structure at various scales, from centimetres to hundreds of kilometres. The accuracy of surface-wave, phase-velocity measurements is essential for the accuracy of the Earth models they constrain. Here, we identify a finite-frequency phase shift in the phase travel time that causes systematic errors in time-domain, phase-velocity measurements. The phase shift arises from the approximation of monochromatic surface waves with narrow-band filtered surface waves. We derive an explicit formula of the finite-frequency phase shift and present a numerical method for its evaluation and for the correction of the measurements. Applications to high-frequency and long-period examples show that the phase shift is typically around π/60-π/16 for the common settings of ambient-noise imaging studies, which translates to 0.2-0.8% phase-velocity measurement errors. The finite-frequency phase shift depends on the (1) second derivative of the wavenumber with respect to frequency; (2) width of the narrow-band filter; (3) epicentral or interstation distance; (4) centre frequency of the filter. In conversion to phase velocity, the last two factors cancel out. Frequency-domain methods for phase-velocity measurements have the advantage of not producing the finite-frequency phase shift. Both time- and frequency-domain measurements, however, can be impacted by a break-down of the far-field approximation (near-field phase shift), which our calculations also show. Our method offers an effective means of improving the accuracy of the widely used time-domain, phase-velocity measurements via the evaluation of and corrections for the finite-frequency phase shift.

How to cite: Xu, Y., Lebedev, S., and Meier, T.: Improving the accuracy of time-domain surface-wave measurements: evaluation and correction of the finite-frequency phase shift, EGU General Assembly 2022, Vienna, Austria, 23–27 May 2022, EGU22-5753, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu22-5753, 2022.

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