Features of the composition and structure of the lithospheric mantle of the Upper Muna field.

Peridotite xenoliths are of great interest for research, since their composition is closest to the simulated compositions of the upper mantle, and they also make it possible not only to determine the conditions for the formation of these rocks, but also the degree of metasomatic processing of the diamondiferous keel, as well as the thickness and distribution area of diamondiferous rocks in the lithospheric mantle.

The Middle Paleozoic (D3-C1) diamondiferous kimberlite pipe Komsomolskaya-Magnaya was chosen as the object of research. This is one of the diamondiferous pipes of the Siberian platform, which contains many unchanged xenoliths of peridotite rocks.

We studied a collection of 180 peridotite xenoliths of the Komsomolskaya-Magnitnaya pipe, of which 104 belong to dunite-harzburgite paragenesis, 74 to lherzolite and 4 websterites. Also, we studied a large number of minerals from the concentrate material of the Komsomolskaya-Magnitnaya kimberlite pipe.

A high proportion (~ 30%) of peridotites with high magnesian olivines (Mg #> 93 mol%) indicates the presence of a block of highly depleted rocks in the lithospheric mantle.

We noted a high proportion of garnets with S-shaped REE distribution spectra (~ 60%), as well as garnets belonging to the harzburgite-dunite paragenesis in accordance with the CaO-Cr₂O₃ diagram. It indicates a moderate role of metasomatic changes associated with silicate melts, as well as interaction with carbonatite melts enriched in LREE.

In addition, kimberlite indicator minerals (KIM) (garnets, chrome spinels, ilmenites) were studied, sampled directly from 7 geophysical anomalies, 6 new kimberlite bodies, and kimberlite pipes Interkosmos, Kosmos-2, 325 years of Yakutia, belonging to the Upper Muna field. These data provide more information on the composition of the lithospheric mantle within the entire Upper Muna field.

For several kimberlite bodies, a high proportion of KIM of the diamond association is noted, however, for most kimberlite bodies, signs of a high degree of secondary metasomatic processes are noted, which negatively affect the preservation of diamond in the lithospheric mantle.

Cr-spinels from various kimberlite bodies of the Upper Muna field attract special attention. In addition to the typical peridotite Cr-spinels, there are Cr-spinels that follow the magmatic trend (Sobolev, 1974) and have extremely low contents of aluminum and titanium. The genetic identity of these Cr-spinels is still unknown.

Was done precise pressure (P)-temperature (T) estimation using single-clinopyroxene thermobarometry (Nimis, Ta). Was obtained mantle paleogeotherm.  Data was received about surface heat flux ~34–35mW/m2, 225–230 km lithospheric thickness, and 110–120 thick “diamond window” for the Upper Muna field (Dymshits et al, 2020).

• Dymshits A. M., Sharygin I. S., Malkovets V. G., Yakovlev I. V., Gibsher A. A., Alifirova T. A., Vorobei S. S., Potapov S. V., Garanin V. K. Thermal state, thickness, and composition of the lithospheric mantle beneath the Upper Muna kimberlite field (Siberian Craton) constrained by clinopyroxene xenocrysts and comparison with Daldyn and Mirny fields // Minerals. 2020. V. 10. P. 549.
• Sobolev N.V., Deep inclusions in kimberlites and the problem of the composition of the upper mantle // Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1974.