Nature Based Solutions (NBS) to achieve food security and SDGs in drought prone subtropical area

Drought is a slow onset natural disaster but affects most of the facets of human life in a very large scale. Climate change is causing droughts to become more severe. Due to the drought's impact on agricultural productivity and the fact that most of the rural towns depend on farming and  on an agriculture-based economy, rural populations appear to be more susceptible to this disaster. As a result, they are the main victim. The current study attempts to evaluate our knowledge of how agricultural productivity in drought-prone areas is being impacted by climate change. Low crop yield raises the risk of food insecurity, including the risk of hunger and malnutrition. Hence, a more lasting and sustainable approach is needed to lessen the negative effects of droughts. This can be more effectively accomplished by incorporating Nature Based Solutions (NBS) into agricultural practices like Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) and Nature Climate Solutions (NCS), a subset of NBS. And with NBS, we may further advance our step toward sustainability and be able to accomplish some of the Sustainable Development Goals while also enhancing and improving traditional and technological expertise in agriculture. Additionally, a suitable adaptation strategy is suggested for the local communities to adapt to the changing environment, which will aid in the development of the society's potential. In summary, the results of this study will give all the stakeholders deep insights that they may use to revise their plans and policies for managing the drought.

Aim:

The aim of this research is to deal with the food insecurities due to drought (due to climate change) and mitigating it through Nature based Solutions to achieve food security and some SDGs in a drought prone area.

Objectives:

• To monitor the present and future data of drought and key climatic variables in sub-tropical region due to climate change in drought prone area.
• To analyse the risk of food insecurity in terms of hunger and malnutrition in the targeted population.
• To inculcate the NBS against drought prone area to achieve high productivity through agriculture practices by the local community and accomplish several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) through it.
• To support the capacity building and adaptation strategies by the local communities against the drought and climate change.

  Significance:

  The study's goal was to evaluate the drought circumstances, which are influenced by all of the above listed aspects. After evaluating these aspects, one may determine the precise steps that should be taken to address the low agricultural productivity while also putting the appropriate remedies to use against the same. Farmers who use nature-based solutions will not only see an increase in crop yield, but also a continued commitment to use exclusively natural solutions. By doing this, we can easily address the issue of food insecurity. The local communities' adaptation plans will help the society to become stronger, be able to handle any crisis in the future, move toward sustainability, and aid in the achievement of the SDGs.