Disasters And Development Nexus: A Review of Vulnerability Assessment on The East Coast of India

Planned and unplanned developments are increasing hugely in coastal areas all over the world. Changing climate and associated coastal hazards are also increasing. In this study, a systematic literature review has been adopted to understand the Disasters and Development Nexus on the east coast of India. Vulnerability scenarios have been assessed from the existing literature. Indian coast also experiencing massive constructional developments in the last few decades. The intensity and recurrence of coastal hazards are increasing at an enormous rate. Which is causing massive economic as well as life and livelihood losses. Particularly Cyclonic storms and associated coastal flooding has become yearly events on the east coast of India. As a community's exposure to potential hazards depends on its socioeconomic condition, the poor coastal communities on the eastern coast are defenseless and exposed to potential hazards. Considering the importance of planning measures, some long-term mitigation measures, such as embankment restructuring and realignment, restoration of mangrove forests, and salinity reduction by adopting scientific land use planning, may reduce the impact of hazards. Similarly, some short-term management strategies like an early warning system, 24 h digital monitoring system, and the construction of adequate flood and cyclone shelters can improve the effectiveness of the disaster response system.