Modelling past and future O3 and PM2.5 surface levels over Europe under various emission scenarios

We have used the Danish Eulerian Hemispheric Model (DEHM), offline-coupled with the Weather Research and Forecast model (WRF) to model the ozone (O3) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) surface levels over Europe in the period 1981-2050. Several future emission projections adopted from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) have been used to simulate the O3 and PM2.5 levels in the 2015-2050 period. Results showed that under the high emission mitigation scenario (SSP1-2.6), surface O3 and PM2.5 levels will decrease by up to 20% and 80%, respectively, compared to the 2015 levels, while middle-of-the-road scenario (SSP2-4.5) will lead to a 3% and 60% decrease in O3 and PM2.5 levels, repectively. The low mitigation scenario (SSP3-7.0) will lead to an increae of 3% in Euoprean O3 levels, while a 40% reduction is calculated for the Eueropean PM2.5 levels in 2050. Results also showed that O3 levels are expected to increase mainly over the southern Europe in all scenarios, while PM2.5 levels are expected to decrease in particular over central Europe.