A review of opportunities and challenges for AI driven multi-hazard risk assessment and resilience enhancement in climate services

As climate change accelerates and environmental uncertainties mount, traditional models fall short in effectively handling the complexity and fluidity of multi-hazard risk and corresponding resilience measures. Notably, the vast amount of data being collected and the rapid advancements in artificial intelligence offer extraordinary potential. These advancements can equip us to tackle complex climate risks and develop innovative services that empower both government and communities to adapt and thrive.

This review aims to bolster research on the transformative potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI), propelled by Machine Learning (ML) and Big Data (BD), to address the escalating challenges posed by climate change across several key areas. On the one hand, it examines AI's capability to process and integrate diverse data sources, such as satellite imagery, monitoring stations, climate models, social data, with varying spatial and temporal resolutions, including the potential of AI tools in identifying and quantifying cascading and interconnected hazard events and potential resilience measures. On the other hand, the review delves into the development of AI-powered climate services designed to manage climate risk and enhance resilience across various sectors. It evaluates the integration of AI techniques in climate services for dynamic, user-centric platforms that offer actionable insights and decision support. The current and future data constraints and emerging opportunities in implementing these services are explored, alongside strategies to overcome these challenges. Additionally, the review considers the scalability and adoption of AI-powered climate services in the future, highlighting the role of AI in revolutionizing the landscape of climate risk assessment and resilience planning.

In summary, this comprehensive literature review synthesizes insights from multi-hazard risk assessment and resilience building. It aims to bridge the gap between static risk models and the dynamic reality of climate threats, paving the way for a comprehensive AI-driven framework helping building climate resilience.

This research is funded under the European projects MYRIAD-EU (Horizon 2020) and EXPEDITE (Horizon 2021 MSCA).