EGU24-18350, updated on 11 Mar 2024
https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu24-18350
EGU General Assembly 2024
© Author(s) 2024. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Quantifying human impact during industrialisation on the evolutionary trajectory of Vosgian streams (NE France): the value of documentary archives 

Timothée Jautzy1, Nicolas Jacob-Rousseau2, Salomé Berthier--Laumond1, Margaux Claudepierre1, Gilles Rixhon1, and Laurent Schmitt1
Timothée Jautzy et al.
  • 1Laboratoire Image Ville Environnement - UMR7362 - CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
  • 2Laboratoire Archéorient, UMR 5133 CNRS - Université Lumière (Lyon 2), Lyon, France

The anthropogenic pressure on European rivers has greatly intensified since the Industrial Revolution through channelisation, rectification, and building of dams and weirs. Against this background, focusing on the Vosges Mountains (NE France) is particularly relevant since it is the most densely populated mountain range in France. The Vosgian hydrographic network was accordingly impacted by widespread human modifications. No less than ~5000 hydraulic structures (HS) mostly involving weirs were built across the main streams draining the massif. Contrary to large rivers (e.g. the Rhine), the edification periods of these HS in smaller catchments remains largely unknown yet, thereby impeding a precise chronological reconstruction of the main phases of human pressure and environmental trajectories.

 

In this study, we aim to gain insight into the spatio-temporal anthropisation of three main streams draining the southern part of the Vosges, i.e. the Fecht, Vologne and Moselotte, and to evaluate their historical morphodynamic adjustments from the end of the 18th century onwards. We took advantage of the abundant paper archives, i.e. written reports, plans…, from the “Ponts et Chaussées” administration, which collected at the local scale every official request to build HS along and across streams from the 18th to the 20th century. Firstly, we characterised and mapped every weir and levee along the three studied streams to produce an updated database of the present distribution of HS. Secondly, we analysed the archives to date the construction (and in some cases deconstruction) of the HS. Finally, we reconstructed the diachronic evolution of the channel pattern, from an ancient topographical map (1866) and two orthophotos (1951, 2018). Our results allow a first quantification of human impacts: the year of construction (terminus ante-quem) could be assigned to 7%, 38% and 59% of the weirs currently present in the Fecht, Vologne and Moselotte, respectively. Most of them were probably built in the middle of the 19th century. Importantly, we also evidence a spatio-temporal correlation between the construction of HS and the simplification of the channel pattern. Although the use of historical documents has several limitations (e.g. loss, destruction, unavailability), we demonstrate that they are valuable archives that usefully complement field observations and investigations.

How to cite: Jautzy, T., Jacob-Rousseau, N., Berthier--Laumond, S., Claudepierre, M., Rixhon, G., and Schmitt, L.: Quantifying human impact during industrialisation on the evolutionary trajectory of Vosgian streams (NE France): the value of documentary archives , EGU General Assembly 2024, Vienna, Austria, 14–19 Apr 2024, EGU24-18350, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu24-18350, 2024.