Elevation-dependent warming in the Alps estimated from MAR simulations over 1961-2100

Regional imprints of global warming have to be investigated to predict the impact of climate change on a local scale and inform mitigation and adaptation policies. The rate of warming as a function of elevation in mountainous regions is yet to be fully characterized and understood. This study aims to identify elevation-dependent warming features in the Alps as well as its physical drivers, using MAR (Modèle Atmosphérique Régional) simulations with a 7kmx7km resolution over 1961-2100, under different climate scenarios. Different seasonal patterns have been found, most notably a maximum of warming at intermediate elevation (~1500m to 1800m) in Spring related to earlier snow melting in future projections. This maximum of warming moves towards higher elevations over the XXIst century. Elevation-dependent warming is found to be different in the free-atmosphere and along the slopes of the mountains, highlighting the major impact of surface processes, such as changes in albedo, in the drivers of climate change in the Alps.