Peatlands serve as crucial carbon reservoirs and archives of past environmental changes. Being sensitive to climatic and anthropogenic influence, they store information on past vegetation, land-use, and human impact. Observed shifts in precipitation patterns and warming trends have exacerbated anthropogenic impacts, affecting peatlands' hydrology and carbon balance. Therefore, peatland palaeoecological studies are crucial to provide a long-term view of peatland evolution and resilience which can be used to predict future peatland conditions and development, and to support informed peatland restoration and conservation management. For the session, we invite contributions that utilize various biotic and abiotic proxies to explore questions centered around climate, disturbance, and human impacts on peatlands across different geographical regions and timescales. We strongly encourage abstracts that deepen the knowledge of all aspects of peatland ecology, evolution, and functioning, including (1) peat initiation and peat accumulation dynamics, (2) vegetation and hydrological changes through time, (3) identification of tipping points or resilience in peatland development, (4) evidence of direct anthropogenic pressure such as peat extraction, melioration or pollution, (5) new proxy development and calibration studies, as well as other related topics. We invite presentations that elucidate these complex relationships and contribute to understanding how peatlands respond to global change or may develop after restoration. We look forward to insightful contributions and engaging discussions in palaeoecology that will enrich our knowledge of peatlands in the modern era and about their future development.