Peatlands contain large reservoirs of carbon and water, and are targets for both protection and restoration, serving as critical buffers against environmental change. We seek to understand responses of peatlands to natural and anthropogenic stressors and disturbances, and how these stressors could potentially shift ecosystem structure and function,. Studies are solicited involving mechanistic processes, stocks, functions, and fluxes. We welcome submissions involving experimental manipulations, anthropogenic modifications, gradient studies, and other short- and long-term environmental changes in both natural and restored peatland ecosystems. We welcome modelling studies that use theoretical approaches and observational data to understand current processes and predict future peatland trajectories. Studies are solicited which investigate any combination of overall carbon, chemical, and hydrological balance, by observing total ecosystem and soil fluxes, net ecosystem exchange and respiration, moss and vegetation turnover and succession, microbial community composition and function, and porewater and nutrient chemistry.