Listening to Volcanoes: Current Frontiers in Volcano Seismology and Acoustics

Volcano seismology and acoustics have advanced rapidly in recent years, significantly improving our ability to observe and interpret volcanic processes across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. This talk will provide a broad overview of currently relevant topics in these fields, with an emphasis on how seismic and acoustic observations jointly constrain magma, gas, and fluid dynamics within volcanic systems. Key themes include evolving interpretations of volcanic tremor, long-period seismicity, and infrasound as expressions of coupled conduit flow, degassing, and fragmentation processes. The growing use of dense seismic and infrasound arrays has enabled improved source localization and characterization, particularly during explosive and transitional eruptive activity, and improved tomographic characterization of trans-crustal magmatic systems. Data-driven approaches, including machine learning, are increasingly applied to detection, classification, and forecasting, complementing physics-based models that link observed signals to underlying processes. This talk will also highlight the expanding role of volcano acoustics, from near-field infrasound and resonance phenomena to atmosphere–volcano coupling, alongside advances in sensor technology and deployment strategies. Finally, I will also discuss implications for hazard assessment and operational monitoring, emphasizing the value of integrated, interdisciplinary approaches and expanded monitoring in understudied volcanic regions.