1,2,3,1,5- 1Finnish Meteorological Institute, Helsinki, Finland
- 2Norwegian Institute for Air Research-NILU, Kjeller, Norway
- 3Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory, University of Oulu, Sodankylä, Finland
- 4Utah State University, Utah, USA
- 5Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
Solar Cycle 25 has approached its maximum phase, bringing an elevated frequency of solar eruptive events and associated geomagnetic disturbances. During 2024 and 2025, several intense geomagnetic storms have provided rare opportunities to examine the short-term coupling between space‐weather forcing and the middle atmosphere. Previous studies have shown that energetic particle precipitation (EPP) during geomagnetic storms can substantially modify the chemical composition of the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT), particularly through the production of odd nitrogen (NOx) and odd hydrogen (HOx), which catalytically destroy ozone. In this presentation, we investigate the MLT ozone responses to several large geomagnetic storms occurring in 2024–2025 using MLS satellite observation. We will also estimate the particle forcing associated with these events using the observed ozone chemical responses. This analysis provides a testbed for climate model inputs.
How to cite: Jia, J., Orsolini, Y., Kero, A., Zhang, J., Thomas, N., Grandin, M., Van de Kamp, M., and Espy, P. J.: Ozone responses to the geomagnetic storms in 2024 and 2025, EGU General Assembly 2026, Vienna, Austria, 3–8 May 2026, EGU26-17606, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu26-17606, 2026.
