Cultivated Land Resource Resilience Evaluation and Zoning in the Northeast Black Soil Region Based on

This research aims to scientifically understand and assess the resilience of the cultivated land resource system in the black soil region and the pressures it is facing, in order to provide scientific basis for the protection and sustainable utilization of black soil. This study, taking the black soil region of Northeast China as a case study, establishes a comprehensive evaluation system for arable land resource resilience based on the Earth's Critical Zone theory, encompassing multi-sphere elements. Concurrently, it assesses the socio-economic disturbance pressures on the arable land system from three dimensions: production, economy, and ecology. Finally, through two-dimensional graph theory clustering of resilience-disturbance, the black soil region is categorized into six distinct zones. The findings reveal: (1) The resilience scores of arable land resources in the Northeast black soil region range from 50.21 to 96.01, indicating generally high resilience with significant spatial heterogeneity, exhibiting a "high in the northeast, low in the southwest" pattern; (2) Socio-economic disturbance scores vary between 37.52 and 91.24, showing marked differences and an overall "low in the north, high in the south" distribution; (3) The Northeast black soil region is classified into six zones: resource input zone, key enhancement zone, optimized utilization zone, stable production conservation zone, remediation improvement zone, and ecological control zone, with tailored strategies for each zone. This research elucidates the theoretical framework of the Earth's Critical Zone and arable land resource resilience, constructs a "surface-subsurface" integrated resilience evaluation index system, and establishes a resilience-disturbance zoning framework. The results provide valuable guidance for the protection and sustainable utilization of black soil regions.