Expanding Geostationary Atmospheric Composition Satellite Constellation: Towards Global Coverage

Geostationary platforms can provide high spatial and temporal resolution measurements of air quality parameters.  To date, there is an acute absence of geostationary observations over Africa, the Middle East, South America and Oceania, even though these regions tend to be poorly monitored and are undergoing dramatic changes in emissions and air quality. Here we present the results of a study and white paper outlining the benefits of expanding geostationary observations to these regions.  The white paper explores the current state of measurements, technology, data availability, and the feasibility of implementing such observations to improve environmental monitoring and decision-making in these regions. Additionally, the paper discusses the potential impact of such observations on policymaking, public health, and environmental mitigation efforts in the four regions. Some of the parameters sought for high temporal and spatial observation frequency include: O₃, NO₂, Particulates, and others discussed in the Atmospheric Composition Virtual Constellation (AC-VC) White Papers and currently observed from geostationary platforms by the TEMPO (Tropospheric Emissions: Monitoring of Pollution) and GEMS (Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer) instruments. These observations are vital in closing the gap in air quality data for improving global air quality models and hemispheric pollution transport. Additional benefits include environmental monitoring in developing regions, aiding in pollution control efforts, and supporting environmental change mitigation strategies through advanced satellite technology.