Enhancing Biodiversity Through Repurposing Manmade Structures with Secondary Coatsal Benefits

Enhancing Biodiversity Through Repurposing Manmade Structures with Secondary Coatsal Benefits

Authors: Henric Schmidt1, Nicoletta Leonardi1, Darryl Newport2, Andy Plater1,Stephen Roast3

Affiliation: 1University of Liverpool, UK; 2University of Suffolk, UK. 3 Sizewell C, UK.

The decommissioning of coastal nuclear power stations, such as the Magnox site at Sizewell A, offer a critical opportunity for coastal management. Traditionally, decommissioning involves the removal of large radioactive components making the decommissioning dangerous and expensive however, these degrading materials offer significant untapped value for boosting biodiversity in nearby marine environment by providing habitat for flora and fauna furthermore these artificial reefs are effective at reducing coastal erosion and providing flood protection. This research investigates the feasibility of repurposing decommissioned nuclear infrastructure to serve a dual purpose: reducing coastal erosion and providing flood protection through wave energy dissipation and enhancing marine biodiversity by providing shelter for marine life.

To accurately assess the feasibility of this project, this study employs a three-pronged methodological approach. First, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) will be utilized to model various structural orientations and reef designs, identifying which configurations maximize both wave energy dissipation and the creation of low flow rate areas which are required to induce biodiversity. Second, on site visits and SCUBA dives at Sizewell A will be conducted to establish a current ecological baseline and assess the existing structural condition. Finally, findings from the digital models and field observations will be validated through laboratory emulation, using scaled physical models in a wave tank to test the most promising designs under controlled hydrodynamic conditions.

By integrating digital simulation, field observation, and physical experimentation, this research aims to bridge the gap between nuclear decommissioning and coastal engineering. The project seeks to provide a framework for the effective utilization of legacy concrete structures, such as those found at Sizewell A. Furthermore, this research will provide insights into "Design for Decommissioning," potentially influencing the structural design of future nuclear plants to facilitate repurposing for marine applications. Ultimately, this work aims to provide a scalable model for how the nuclear industry can contribute to a more sustainable and "nature-positive" future, transforming industrial liabilities into resilient ecological assets that also protect vulnerable coastlines.