Global coupled models that resolve ocean mesoscale eddies, and increasingly atmospheric storms, can now be run over multidecadal to centennial timescales. This allows us to ask whether small-scale processes change the large-scale climate: its mean state, its modes of variability and its response to forcing. This session focuses on the rectified effect of resolved small scales in the ocean, the atmosphere and at the air-sea interface on the climate system.

We welcome contributions from global km-scale models as well as from eddy-rich coupled configurations with coarser atmospheres, regional high-resolution setups and model hierarchies. Topics include the role of ocean mesoscale and submesoscale dynamics, boundary currents and fronts in climate; mesoscale air-sea coupling and its influence on storm tracks, jets, and precipitation; interannual to decadal to centennial variability including the AMOC, the Southern Ocean and tropical modes; whether resolution alters forced responses, climate sensitivity and SST trend patterns; sea ice, and ice-sheet-ocean interactions at high resolution; biogeochemistry, impacts on marine ecosystems, and km-scale mechanisms underlying the exchange of carbon at the air-sea interface and its subsequent transport in the ocean.
We also welcome studies exploring how resolved oceanic and atmospheric small-scale processes influence extremes, including heatwaves, marine heatwaves, ocean carbon uptake and acidification, heavy precipitation and compound events, particularly where these provide insight into climate variability and climate change.

We also invite studies using pacemaker or filtered-forcing experiments and resolved-versus-parameterised comparisons to isolate mechanisms or transfer insight to coarser models, as well as storyline approaches, pseudo-global-warming experiments, uniform warming experiments (e.g. +4 K frameworks), and related targeted methodologies used to understand the role of resolved small-scale processes in climate variability, extremes, and climate change, as well as work on challenges specific to long coupled simulations such as spin-up, drift, tuning, and initialisation.

Contributions from EERIE, DestinE, nextGEMS, WarmWorld, DYAMOND, DYAMOND3, MESACLIP, HighResMIP and related efforts are encouraged.