A stakeholder-driven process to develop a sustainable water resources management plan in the Koue Bokkeveld farming region, Western Cape-South Africa

Abstract

Background/aims

Water scarcity is a significant problem in South Africa. Low average rainfall results in limited water available for human and environmental needs. Consequently, competition for water resources is increasing and has resulted in water-related conflicts among the various water users in many areas of South Africa. Unfortunately, when competition for water use exists, Environmental Water Requirements (EWRs) are often ignored, thus impacting the health of riverine ecosystems and downstream ecosystem services. Such a situation characterises the Koue Bokkeveld farming region. Conflicts are rife between upstream farmers who have initial access to river water and downstream farmers forced to use what remains after upstream users satisfy their needs. The situation entrenches inequality and fuels conflict and, if left unmanaged, may lead to a breakdown in the farming community. The resultant loss in agricultural productivity will affect food security and the livelihood of the thousands of farmworkers who work in the area. This research project responds to this problem by negotiating a shared water management strategy that achieves equity in water access and respects EWR.  The broader aim is to assist Koue Bokkeveld (KBV) stakeholders in co-developing a water resources management strategy that results from a shared understanding.

Methodological framework

To achieve the research aim, a mixed methodological approach driven by Agent-Based Modelling is employed. A companion modelling approach is adopted, thus placing stakeholders at the centre of the model development and application. A series of stakeholder workshops are lined where stakeholders will provide input into and validate the model. Future scenarios (and subsequent impacts on an agreed water management plan) will be evaluated, assisted by hydrological modelling of future flows.

Preliminary results

 An initial conceptual ABM model based on literature and an understanding of the study area representing the key actors, resources and dynamics obtained in the catchment has been developed. An initial stakeholder workshop to solicit stakeholder buy-in has been conducted with success. Although stakeholders remain sceptical about their identities and activities being kept in confidence-they are keen to participate in the following workshops.

Keywords: ABM, South Africa, stakeholder-engagement, water resources, modelling