Advancing Urban Climate Adaptation: The Influence of Microclimate Information Displays in Public Spaces of Smart Cities

As smart cities increasingly incorporate Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) into urban infrastructure, microclimate information displays integrated into smart lampposts present a novel strategy for enhancing climate adaptation and optimising the usability of public spaces. This study investigates their impact on user behaviour by developing a microclimate information-user behaviour model, drawing on Environmental Behaviour Theory (EBT) and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). A survey-based study was conducted in Shenzhen, employing Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) for data analysis. The study investigates the influence of environmental perception attitudes, behavioural attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control on behavioural intentions and actual behavioral choices. The findings indicate that a positive environmental perception enhances users’ confidence in adjusting their activities based on displayed microclimate information. At the same time, strong subjective norms significantly influence behavioural intention, thereby affecting actual behavioural choice, while perceived behavioural control has a direct and significant impact on actual behaviour choice. The results underscore the potential of microclimate information displays in promoting climate-responsive behaviours and improving public space engagement. Optimising microclimate display systems can improve user experience and urban management. Future research and urban planning efforts should focus on integrating real-time data analytics, enhancing user interaction mechanisms, and refining display interfaces to facilitate accessibility and usability. By adopting these advancements, smart cities can foster more adaptive, livable, and resilient urban environments, contributing to the sustainable transformation of public spaces in the face of climate challenges.