Mapping the health impacts of urban heat on local populations in the arid Negev region of Israel

Extreme heat waves have significant impacts on infrastructure, property, and public health. Studies show a direct link between rising temperatures and increased morbidity and mortality, especially among vulnerable populations. In urban areas, the urban heat island (UHI) effect intensifies heat waves, heightening health risks.

International research highlights a strong link between heat waves and mortality, especially from cardiovascular diseases. Studies in U.S. cities such as Dallas and Phoenix have found areas with lower socioeconomic status and limited green space to suffer both higher temperatures and higher mortality rates. In Israel, rising temperatures since the 1960s are expected to continue, underscoring the need for adaptation strategies.

The Eastern Mediterranean, particularly the Negev Desert, is a climate change hotspot, experiencing rising temperatures and more frequent heat waves. Be’er Sheva, a major city in the region, faces increasing health risks due to extreme heat. However, there is still a knowledge gap regarding its quantitative health impacts.

In order to fill this gap, our ongoing study integrates environmental, demographic, and health data in order to map high-risk areas and support evidence-based policies and urban planning measures that can reduce health risks. Specifically, we analyze the correlation between heat waves and urban mortality in the Negev using  data from the Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics.

Initial results from 2020 indicate a noticeable correlation between heat waves in April and May and increased mortality, especially among the elderly. These findings highlight the need for greater public awareness and healthcare preparedness, and ultimately the insights gained from our analysis can inform public policy aimed at mitigating the impacts of heat waves on vulnerable urban populations.