Effects of Artisanal and Recreational Fishing on the Ichthyofauna of an Urbanized Coastal Zone of Algiers

Fisheries, though inherently renewable, are currently in alarming decline due to a range of environmental and human-induced factors. Ensuring sustainable management of these resources requires comprehensive studies and continuous monitoring, taking into account all interacting parameters to better understand resource dynamics and adapt management strategies accordingly.

This study examines the impact of artisanal and recreational fishing along a 16-kilometer stretch of coastline, encompassing five coastal municipalities. Data were collected through observations and surveys at 22 sites, revealing the presence of 26 artisanal fishing boats and 262 recreational fishing vessels in the area. These figures indicate a substantial fishing pressure, despite the relatively simple techniques used in both types of fishing.

The influence of these fishing activities on the local fish populations is evident in the quantities of fish caught. The number of fishers and the volume of catches highlight a significant impact on the local ichthyofauna. The main species targeted include Mullus barbatus (red mullet) from the Mullidae family, with a capture frequency of 50 ± 5.89% primarily by artisanal fishers, and Diplodus sargus (white seabream) from the Sparidae family, mostly caught by recreational fishers, with a capture frequency of 45.83 ± 3.08%.

The findings raise concerns about the sustainability of these species within the study area, underscoring the need for a more extensive and detailed assessment. Future research should aim to extend the survey duration and expand data collection to build a robust statistical and biological database for the region. Such a database would allow for a more accurate evaluation of stock status and the impacts of fishing on fish populations.

Additionally, it is recommended to implement monitoring programs focused specifically on the stocks of red mullet and white seabream to prevent overfishing and potential resource collapse, as these two species are the primary targets of artisanal and recreational fishing in the area.

To refine management strategies further, a multi-species, multi-gear approach is proposed. This approach would explore the relationships between various fish species and the different types of fishing gear used. Understanding these interactions could provide insight into the broader impacts of fishing on different stocks, supporting a more sustainable and ecosystem-based management approach.

In summary, this study reveals the substantial influence of artisanal and recreational fishing on local fish populations along this coastline. Ongoing research and targeted conservation measures are essential to safeguard these resources against overexploitation. Expanding monitoring efforts and adopting comprehensive, multi-species management approaches will provide a more solid foundation for sustainable fisheries management, ensuring the long-term viability of both the fisheries and the ecosystems they support.