High-Resolution Satellite Monitoring of Sargassum Strandings for Enhanced Coastal Management in the West Indies

Sargassum, a floating brown algae, has caused significant environmental and socioeconomic impacts in the Caribbean region since 2011. Understanding the complex interplay of hydrodynamic processes and coastal morphology that govern Sargassum stranding events is crucial for effective mitigation and adaptation strategies. This study leverages high-resolution satellite imagery from VENµS-VM5 and Sentinel-2 to develop a robust method for monitoring Sargassum at unprecedented spatial and temporal scales. By applying the Normalized Floating Algae Index (NFAI) to daily VENµS-VM5 observations, we generate detailed maps and time series of Sargassum distribution. The method incorporates advanced atmospheric, cloud, and land mask corrections to ensure accurate detection and quantification. Preliminary results demonstrate the potential of this approach to provide early warnings of Sargassum strandings at fine spatial (4m) and temporal (~daily) resolutions. This high-resolution monitoring will enable the identification of key hydrodynamic factors and coastal features that influence stranding patterns. By assessing Sargassum residence times and quantifying stranded biomass, we can better understand the impacts on coastal ecosystems and human activities. The applications of this research are far-reaching. It can inform decision-making on marine conservation, and waste management. By providing timely and accurate information, this study contributes to the development of effective strategies to mitigate the negative consequences of Sargassum strandings and promote sustainable coastal management.